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Then and Now Experiences of Hispanics and Latinos

Overview

Hispanics and Latinos face many issues that impact their livelihood and civil rights in today's society. Learn about some of these issues and U.S. Government resources that provide additional information, which may concern related topics on a given issue.

Educational Barriers

According to the National Center for Education Statistics for those not enrolled in school or did not earn a high-school credential, the dropout rates for 16- to 24-year-olds in 2022 are the following:

  • Asian (1.9%)
  • White (4.3%)
  • Two or more races (4.5%)
  • Black (5.7%)
  • Hispanic (7.9%)
  • American Indian/Alaska Native (9.9%)
  • Pacific Islander (9.1%)

Click on the "Information" tab in this box to learn about topics related to education.

Screenshot of website, "Status Dropout Rates"

National Center for Education Statistics

"Gains in Educational Attainment, Enrollment in All Hispanic Groups, Largest Among South American Population"

U.S. Census Bureau

Gains in Educational Attainment, Enrollment in All Hispanic Groups, Largest Among South American Population

  • Explore census data related to education.
Screenshot of "Four Facts About Hispanic Achievements in the US Economy"

The White House

Four Facts About Hispanic Achievements in the US Economy

  • Read this blog about educational and economic achievements.

Employment Discrimination

Did you know that Hispanics "accounted for 19.1 percent of the U.S. labor force in the third quarter of 2023?"^ However, only 6.3 percent of chief executive officers in management or professional occupations are Hispanic or Latino.*

Click on the "Information" tab in this box to learn about topics related to employment discrimination.

^U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, *U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Screenshot of website, "American Latino Theme Study: Labor"

National Park Service

American Latino Theme Study: Labor

  • Learn about a history on labor movements in the U.S. from late 1800s to early 2000s.
Screenshot of "Expanded data for detailed Hispanic or Latino groups now available"

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Expanded Data for Detailed Hispanic or Latino Groups Now Available

  • Explore detailed data on Hispanics and Latinos in the U.S. labor force.
Screenshot of website, "Hispanics in the American Workforce"

U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Screenshot of "Hispanic Workers Are Underrepresented in the Media, and More Data Are Needed for Federal Enforcement Efforts"

U.S. Governmental Accountability Office (GAO)

Hispanic Workers Are Underrepresented in the Media, and More Data Are Needed for Federal Enforcement Efforts

  • Read GAO's congressional report on workforce diversity, specifically Hispanics' underrepresentation in the media industry.
Screenshot of "Fact Sheet: The Biden-⁠Harris Administration Advances Equity and Opportunity for Latino Communities Across the Country"

The White House

Hate Crimes

According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Crime Data Explorer, there are 6,399 reported Anti-Hispanic or Latino hate crimes between 2012 and 2022. The top five types of offense were intimidation (2,026); simple assault (1,836); aggravated assault (1,308); destruction, damage, or vandalism of property (724); and robbery (199). 

Click on the "Information" tab in this box to learn about information on hate crimes.

Screenshot of "Experiences of Victimization Among Latinos: Studies Confirm Significant Victim Mental Health Impact and Mistrust of Authorities"

National Institute of Justice (NIJ)

Experiences of Victimization Among Latinos: Studies Confirm Significant Victim Mental Health Impact and Mistrust of Authorities

  • Read recent NIJ studies on the impacts of bias victimization, from harassment to hate crimes.
Screenshot of "Combating Hate and Discrimination: Resource Guide"

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services

Combating Hate and Discrimination: Resource Guide

  • Learn about different Federal resources addressing hate discrimination and racial equity.
Screenshot of website, "Los Delitos de Odio"

U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ)

Check out the DOJ's resources on crime data and how to report a hate crime.

Health

According to the Centers for Diseases Control WONDER, the top 10 leading causes of death for Hispanics and Latinos between 2018 and 2022 are heart disease, cancer, accidents (unintentional injuries), COVID-19, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, Alzheimer disease, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, chronic lower respiratory diseases; and kidney disease.^ Meanwhile, 24.7% of Hispanic adults between the ages of 18 and 64 lacked healthcare insurance in 2023.^

Click on the tabs of this box to learn more about health resources.

^National Center for Health Statistics

Screenshot of website, "Todos Somos, Somos Uno (We are All, We are One): Pathways to Equity"

Centers for Disease Control

Screenshot of website, "Latino/Hispanic Partners"

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

Latino/Hispanic Partners

  • Locate information on Medicare, Medicaid, and the Health Insurance Marketplace. 
Screenshot of website, "Latino and Hispanic American Health"

MedlinePlus (National Library of Medicine)

Latino and Hispanic American Health

  • Check out these data, including on medical research, clinical trials, and related topics.
Screenshot of website, "Hispanic/Latino Health"

Office of Minority Health (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services)

Hispanic/Latino Health

  • Delve into population information, from insurance coverage to health concerns.
Screenshot of website, "Hispanic and Latino Americans"

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

Health Insurance Coverage by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2021

U.S. Census Bureau

Health Insurance Coverage by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2021

  • See the disparities of health coverage, including age and income-to-poverty ratio. 
Screenshot of website, "Expanding Efforts to Ensure the Health and Safety of Hispanic Workers"

U.S. Department of Labor

Expanding Efforts to Ensure the Health and Safety of Hispanic Workers

  • Find information on worker rights and training resources.
Screenshot of document, "National Veteran Health Equity Report – Hispanic and Latino Veteran Chartbook"

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)

National Veteran Health Equity Report – Hispanic and Latino Veteran Chartbook: Focus on Veterans Health Administration Patient Experience and Health Care Quality

  • Read this VA report on how social disparities impact the quality of care for Hispanic and Latino veterans.

Immigration

According to the Office of Homeland Security Statistics' Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2022 for individuals from Central and South Americas for FY2022, 391,434 became naturalized U.S. citizens, 420,092 obtained lawful permanent residency, and 2,486 arrived as refugees and asylees. 

Click on the tabs of this box to learn about resources related to immigration services and programs.

Screenshot of "Immigration" website

Social Security Administration

Immigration

  • Find information on applying for a social security card.
Screenshot of "Undocumented Students and Financial Aid"

Federal Student Aid

Undocumented Students and Financial Aid

  • Apply for different types of financial aid for eligible students.
Screenshot of "Office of Migrant Education" website

Office of Migrant Education

U.S. Department of Education

Screenshot of "Educational Resources for Immigrants, Refugees, Asylees and other New Americans" website

U.S. Department of Education

Educational Resources for Immigrants, Refugees, Asylees and other New Americans

  • Read information for asylee, immigrant and refuge students and their families.
    • If have difficulty understanding English, request language assistance by calling 1-800-USA-LEARN (1-800-872-5327) (TTY: 1-800-877-8339) or emailing [email protected]
Screenshot of "Foreign Labor Certification" website

U.S. Department of Labor (DOL)

Find the latest information on different work programs.

Screenshot of "Libraries Helping Refugees and New Immigrants Learn the U.S. Financial System"

FDLP Academy (U.S. Government Publishing Office)

Libraries Helping Refugees and New Immigrants Learn the U.S. Financial System

  • Recorded on July 13, 2023
  • Length of Time: 62 minutes
  • Speakers: Emily Mross (Pennsylvania State University); Ken McDonnell (Consumer Financial Protection Bureau); Julie Robinson (Kansas City Public Library); and Young Park (Chicago Public Library)
Screenshot of "Non-Citizen Communities" website

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)

Non-Citizen Communities

  • See information on USDA programs that support eligible non-citizens, including Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).
Screenshot of "Health Coverage for Immigrants" website

HealthCare.gov

Health Coverage for Immigrants

  • Apply for health coverage through the Marketplace.
Screenshot of "Office of Refuge Resettlement" website

Office of Refuge Resettlement

Administration for Children & Families

  • Learn about this office's services for eligible refugees, asylees, Cuban/Haitian entrants, Special Immigrant Visa (SIV) holders, Amerasians, and Victims of Trafficking. 
    • Also available in multiple languages from Arabic to Zulu.
Screenshot of "Immigrant and Refuge Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention" website

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services

Immigrant and Refuge Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 

Screenshot of "Immigrant Records at the National Archives" website

National Archives and Records Administration

Immigrant Records at the National Archives

  • Research historical records, including immigration, visa, passport, and naturalization records.
Screenshot of "U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)" website

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)

U.S. Department of Homeland Security

Screenshot of "U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)" website

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)

U.S. Department of Homeland Security

Screenshot of "Executive Office for Immigration Review" website

Executive Office for Immigration Review

U.S. Department of Justice

Screenshot of "Bureau of Population, Refuges, and Migration" website

Bureau of Population, Refuges, and Migration

U.S. Department of State

Screenshot of "U.S. Visas" website

U.S. Department of State

U.S. Visas